Notable Industries

Notable Industries

SKM Animal Feeds
SKM Egg powder factory
MILKA breads
Amutham breads
SAKTHI MASALA
SAKTHI SUGARS
BANNARI AMMAN SUGARS

Education

• 
  
• Education
• Erode has several facilities for higher education including a Medical College, nine Engineering colleges along with 18 Arts and Science Colleges.
  
  Engineering Colleges
  
  Vijayamangalam - 638056Erode District.
• Kongu Engineering College
  K.S.Rangasamy college of Technology
  M.P.Nachimuthu M.Jaganathan Engineering college
  Institute of Road and Transport Technology (IRTT).
  Velalar College of Engineering and Technology
  Andavar Institute of Engineering and Technology,(coming soon),Gobichettipalayam
  Shree Venkateshwara Hi-Tech Engineering College,Gobichettipalayam
  Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam
  Nandha Engineering college
  SSM Engineering college
  Sasurie College of Engineering
  Erode Sengunthar Engineering college
  
  Medical Colleges
  Perundurai Medical College
  shyam medical college
  
  Pharmacy Colleges
  Erode College of Pharmacy, Erode
  Coimbatore College of Pharmacy
  K.M.R College of Pharmacy
  Nanda College of Pharmacy
  Shoba College of Pharmacy
  
  Arts and Science
  Adharsh Vidhyalaya Arts & Science College
  Bharathithasan College of Arts and Science
  Bishop Arts and Science College, Dharapuram
  Cheran's Arts and Science College
  Chikkaiye Naiyakar College
  Erode Arts College
  Erode Arts College for Women
  Gobi Arts and Science College Gobichettipalayam
  Kamadenu Arts and Science College, Sathyamangalam
  Karuppannan Mariappan College
  Kongu Arts and Science College
  Maharaja College for Women
  Maharani Arts and Science College for Women, Dharapuram
  Nandha Arts and Science College
  Navarasam arts and science college for Women
  P.K.R Arts and Science colloge for Women,Gobichettipalayam
  Saradha Arts & Science college,Gobichettipalayam
  Sree Amman arts and science college
  Sri Vasavi College
  Vellalar College of Ats and Science for Women
  Vellakoil Arts and Science College Vellakoil
  karthik arts college
  
  Schools
• Ammaniammal Educational Trust(AET School), Perunduai road, Erode
  Sengunthar Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Erode
  Government Higher Secondary School,Arachalur
  Kongu vellalar Matriculation Higher secondary school, Perundurai
  Sri Raja Rajeswari Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Kangeyam-638701
  Railway Colony Municipal Higher Secondary School,Erode
  Adharsh Vidhyalaya Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
  Al-Ameen Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Karungalpalayam, Erode
  Amala Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Gobi
  Bharathi Kalvi Nilayam Hr. Sec. School, Nasiyanur,638107 Erode Dist
  Bharathi Vidya Bhavan Matric Hr. Sec. School, Thindal, Erode
  Carmel Higher Secondary School, Erode
  Christhu Jyothi Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Erode
  Erode Hindu Kalvi Nilayam, Sathyamangalam Road, Erode
  Good Shepard Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
  Government Higher Secondary School for Girls, Sathyamangalam
  Government Higher Secondary School,Vellode
  Ideal Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
  Kalaimagal Kalvi Nilayam, Erode
  Navarasam Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Palliyuthu, Erode
  Palaniyammal Girls Higher Secondary School, Gobi
  Ponnu Matric Higher Secondary School,Dharapuram
  Rajendhran Matric Higher secondary School, Vadugapatti
  SARU Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Sathyamangalam
  Saratha Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Gobichettipalayam
  Sri Raghavendra Institutions, Karattur, Sathyamangalam
  Viswesraya Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
  Vivekananda Higher Secondary School, Anthiyur
  Kongu Matriculation School,Solangapalyam - 638 154 .0424-2351309.
  Kongu Matriculation School,Kangayam
  SSV (Sri Sankara Vidyasala) Matriculation and Higher Secondary School, Sivagiri
  Government Higher Secondary School, Ganapathi palayam
  VMCDVHSS Thayampalayam-638710

Communication

Communication

The district is also served by an extensive Postal, Telegraph and Telephone networks. It is connected to the rest of the state by subscriber trunk dialing system (STD). The telephone network within the city is also expanding rapidly.
Postal Divisions : 4 (Erode, Tiruppur, Pollachi and Dharapuram)
Head Post offices : 4
HSGT Category : 2 (Erode and Bhavani)
HSG II Category : 2 (Gobichettipalayam and Dharapuram)
Other Post offices : 319 (including extra departmental sub-post offices and telegraph offices)
Post and Telegraph offices : 144
Post offices with phone facilities : 144

Transportation

Transportation

Erode railway junction.

The transportation system in the district is well developed. Erode, being one of the prominent trading centres in the state, is well connected with all modern means of transport except air transport. The district is accessible by both road and rail from the state capital Chennai and other district headquarters.
Rail Transport: Erode is an important railway junction with lines coming from the west coast and the district has thirteen railway stations including,
Uthukuli Panchayat Union (1)
Chennimalai Panchayat Union (3)
Modakurichi Panchayat Union (3)
Kodumudi Panchayat Union (6)
Road Transport: Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation is headquartered at Erode. A nnumber of inter-district bus routes operated by the Corporation link Erode with other prominent places in and out of the district.
Nearest Airport: Peelamedu airport at Coimbatore, which is 90 kilo meters (56 miles) by road
Other modes: Navigable waterways are available at five places in the district.

economy

Economy

Fabrics, like rugs, made in Erode are famous in India.

Erode District is an important market centre for Turmeric, a spice commonly used in curries. Turmeric is also used as a fabric dye. This turmeric is collected from Erode District and from adjoining districts of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, including Mysore. Other specialities include Uthukuli butter and Kangayam bulls. Erode is well known for handloom, powerloom textile products and readymade garments and hence called the powerloom city of India. Products such as cotton sarees, bed spreads, carpets, lungies, printed fabrics, towels, dhotis are marketed here. In mid-2005, Bhavani Jamakkalam (Bhavani Bedsheets) was registered as a Geographical Indication by the Government of India. [edit] Agriculture Agriculture is the most important income source of this district. Paddy, Banana, Groundnut, Cotton and Sugarcane are some of the agricultural products. In Sathyamangalam Taluk, Flowriculture is an important source of income. With 43% share, the district is the top turmeric producer in Tamil Nadu.

Geography

The district is bounded by Karnataka to the north, and by Kaveri River to the east. Across the Kaveri lies Salem, Namakkal and Karur districts. Dindigul District lies immediately to the south, and Coimbatore and The Nilgiris districts lie to the west. Erode District is landlocked and is situated at between 10 36” and 11 58” north latitude and between 76 49” and 77 58” east longitude.
The district comprises a long undulating plain, sloping gently towards the Kaveri river in the south-east. Three major tributaries of river Kaveri, the Bhavani, Noyyal and Amaravati, drain the long stretch of mountains in the north. Other significant rivers are Palar in the north and Vatamalaikarai odai and Uppar rivers in the south. The Palar constitutes the boundary between Erode district and Karnataka in the north. The Bhavanisagar main canal along with these rivers provide proper drainage and facilities for assured irrigation in the district.

Bhavani River
Main article: Bhavani River
Bhavani rises in the Western Ghats of Silent Valley National Park in Palakkad District of Kerala. It receives the Siruvani River which has the second tastiest water in the world, a perennial stream of Coimbatore District, and gets reinforced by the Kundah river before entering Erode District in Sathyamangalam. Bhavani is more or less a perennial river fed mostly by the southwest monsoon. The northeast monsoon also supplements its water resources. This river runs for over hundred miles through Erode District, traversing Bhavani and Gobichettipalayam taluks. It feeds the Bhavanisagar reservoir, which takes an easterly course after Sathyamangalam taluk. Between Sathyamangalam and Gobichettipaalayam lies the Kodivery Dam, a mini dam constructed for agricultural purposes. Then it flows through Gobichettipalayam and Bhavani taluks before it ultimately joins Kaveri on the border of the Salem District. The place where Bhavani joins with Kaveri River is famous for Sangameshwara Temple of Lord Shiva, where according to the Hindu customs people perform the last rights for deceased near and dears.

Kaveri River
Main article: Kaveri River
Kaveri rises in the Western Ghats of Kodagu (Coorg) District, in Karnataka, and is joined by many small tributaries. It runs eastward through Karnataka, and at Hogenakal fall takes a sharp turn, east to south. Before reaching this point, it is joined by its main tributary, the Kabini River. From here it runs towards the southeast, forming the boundary between Bhavani Taluk of Erode District and Tiruchengode Taluk of the neighbouring Namakkal District. The Bhavani River joins the Kaveri at the town of Bhavani.

Noyyal River
Main article: Noyyal River
Noyyal river is noted for its capricious nature. This is fed mostly by the southwest monsoon but the northeast monsoon brings freshes, and this very often results in floods. In spite of its unpredictable character, the river helps to irrigate considerable areas in Palladam taluk of Coimbatore District and Kangeyam taluk of Erode District.

Amaravati River
Main article: Amaravati River
Amaravati river rises in the Travancore region of Kerala, and enters Erode District from Udumalaippettai taluk in Coimbatore District. The river flows through Dharapuram and Kangeyam taluk before it joins Kaveri in Karur District.

Climate
The climate is dry and characterised by scanty rainfall. The maximum rainfall is recorded in sullithottam and Bhavani taluks. Unlike nearby Coimbatore district, Erode District has dry weather throughout the year except during the monsoons. The Palghat Gap in Western Ghats, which has a moderating effect on the climate of Coimbatore district, does not help in bringing down the dry climate in this area. The cool moist wind that gushes out of the west coast through Palghat gap loses its coolness and becomes dry by the time it crosses Coimbatore district and reaches Erode.
Generally the first two months of the year are pleasant, but in March the temperature begins to rise, which persists till the end of May. The highest temperatures are normally recorded during May. The scanty showers during this period do not provide much relief from the oppressive heat. However there is a slight improvement in the climate during the June-August period. During the pre-monsoon period, the temperature reverses its trend. By September the sky gets heavily overcast, although the rains are meagre. The northeast monsoon sets in vigorously only during October-November, and by December the rains disappear, rendering the climate clear but pleasant.

Medicinal uses

Turmeric plant
In Ayurvedic medicine, turmeric is thought to have many medicinal properties and many in India use it as a readily available antiseptic for cuts, burns and bruises. Practitioners of Ayurvedic medicine say it has fluoride which is thought to be essential for teeth. It is also used as an antibacterial agent.
It is taken in some Asian countries as a dietary supplement, which allegedly helps with stomach problems and other ailments. It is popular as a tea in Okinawa, Japan. It is currently being investigated for possible benefits in Alzheimer's disease, cancer and liver disorders.

Turmeric rhizome
It is only in recent years that Western scientists have increasingly recognised the medicinal properties of turmeric. According to a 2005 article in the Wall Street Journal titled, "Common Indian Spice Stirs Hope," research activity into curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, is exploding. Two hundred and fifty-six curcumin papers were published in the past year according to a search of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Supplement sales have increased 35% from 2004, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health has four clinical trials underway to study curcumin treatment for pancreatic cancer, multiple myeloma, Alzheimer's, and colorectal cancer.

Turmeric rhizome
A 2004 UCLA-Veterans Affairs study involving genetically altered mice suggests that curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, might inhibit the accumulation of destructive beta amyloids in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients and also break up existing plaques. "Curcumin has been used for thousands of years as a safe anti-inflammatory in a variety of ailments as part of Indian traditional medicine," Gregory Cole, Professor of medicine and neurology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA said.
Another 2004 study conducted at Yale University involved oral administration of curcumin to mice homozygous for the most common allele implicated in cystic fibrosis. Treatment with curcumin restored physiologically-relevant levels of protein function.[3]
Anti-tumoral effects against melanoma cells have been demonstrated.[4]
A recent study involving mice has shown that turmeric slows the spread of breast cancer into lungs and other body parts. Turmeric also enhances the effect of taxol in reducing metastasis of breast cancer.[5]
Curcumin is thought to be a powerful antinociceptive (pain-relieving) agent. In the November 2006 issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism, a study was published that showed the effectiveness of turmeric in the reduction of joint inflammation, and recommended clinical trials as a possible treatment for the alleviation of arthritis symptoms.[6] It is thought to work as a natural inhibitor of the cox-2 enzyme, and has been shown effective in animal models for neuropathic pain secondary to diabetes, among others.[7]
Presenting their findings at the Endocrine Society’s annual meeting in San Francisco in June 2008, researchers discovered that turmeric-treated mice were less susceptible to developing Type 2 diabetes, based on their blood glucose levels, and glucose and insulin tolerance tests. They also discovered that turmeric-fed obese mice showed significantly reduced inflammation in fat tissue and liver compared to controls. They speculate that curcumin in the turmeric lessens insulin resistance and prevents Type 2 diabetes in these mouse models by dampening the inflammatory response provoked by obesity.[8]

Cosmetics

Please help improve this section by expanding it. Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion. (August 2008)
Turmeric is currently used in the formulation of some sunscreens. Turmeric paste is used by some Indian women to keep them free of superfluous hair. Turmeric paste is applied to bride and groom before marriage in some places of India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, where it is believed turmeric gives glow to skin and keeps some harmful bacteria away from the body.
The Government of Thailand is funding a project to extract and isolate tetrahydrocurcuminoids (THC) from turmeric. THCs (not to be confused with tetrahydrocannabinol, also known as THC) are colorless compounds that might have antioxidant and skin-lightening properties and might be used to treat skin inflammations, making these compounds useful in cosmetics formulations.

[edit] Dye
Turmeric makes a poor fabric dye as it is not very lightfast (the degree to which a dye resists fading due to light exposure). However, turmeric is commonly used in Indian clothing, such as a sari.

[edit] Gardening
Turmeric can also be used to deter ants. The exact reasons why turmeric repels ants is unknown, but anecdotal evidence suggests it works.[9]

[edit] International naming
ಅರಿಶಿಣ in Kannada
हळद (Halad) in Marathi
Haldi in Hindi and Urdu.
Haldar in Gujarati
ਹਲਦੀ (Haldi) in Punjabi.
Haruut in Somali
Holdi or Holood in Bengali.
আন্দি (Andi) in Bishnupriya Manipuri
மஞ்சள் (manchal, literal: "Yellow") in Tamil.
పసుపు (pasupu) in Telugu.
姜黄 (jiang huang, literal: "Ginger Yellow") in Chinese.
Nghệ in Vietnamese.
Lmeat in Khmer.
زردچوبه (Zardchubeh) in Persian.
‘Ōlena in Hawaiian
Gelbwurz (literal: Yellow Root) or Kurkuma in German.
Gurkemeje in Danish.
Kurkuma or Japonský šafrán (literal: Japanese Safron) in Czech.
Kunyit in Malay and Indonesian.
كركم (Kurkum) in Arabic
כורכום (Kurkum) in Hebrew
Palillo in Spanish (South America)
മഞ്ഞള്‍ (manjal) in Malayalam
Куркума (Kurkuma) in Russian
Kurkuma in Polish
زه‌رده‌چه‌وه (Zardachawa) in Kurdish
(Kaha) in Sinhala
Curcuma in Portuguese

Chemistry

Curcumin Enol form
Turmeric contains up to 5% essential oils and up to 3% curcumin, a polyphenol. It is the active substance of turmeric and it is also known as C.I. 75300, or Natural Yellow 3. The systematic chemical name is (1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione.
It can exist at least in two tautomeric forms, keto and enol. The keto form is preferred in solid phase and the enol form in solution.

Usage

Commercially packaged turmeric powder
In non-Indian recipes, turmeric is sometimes used as a coloring agent. It has found application in canned beverages, baked products, dairy products, ice cream, yogurt, yellow cakes, orange juice, biscuits, popcorn-color, sweets, cake icings, cereals, sauces, gelatins, etc. It is a significant ingredient in most commercial curry powders.
Turmeric (coded as E100 when used as a food additive) is used to protect food products from sunlight. The oleoresin is used for oil-containing products. The curcumin/polysorbate solution or curcumin powder dissolved in alcohol is used for water containing products. Over-coloring, such as in pickles, relishes and mustard, is sometimes used to compensate for fading.
In combination with annatto (E160b), turmeric has been used to color cheeses, yogurt, dry mixes, salad dressings, winter butter and margarine. Turmeric is also used to give a yellow color to some prepared mustards, canned chicken broths and other foods (often as a much cheaper replacement for saffron).
Turmeric is widely used as a spice in Indian and other South Asian cooking. Momos (Nepali meat dumplings), a traditional dish in South Asia, are spiced with turmeric.

Turmeric

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae which is native to tropical South Asia. It needs temperatures between 20 and 30 deg. C. and a considerable amount of annual rainfall to thrive. Plants are gathered annually for their rhizomes, and re-seeded from some of those rhizomes in the following season.
It is often misspelled (or pronounced) as tumeric. It is also known as kunyit (Indonesian and Malay) or haldi or pasupu in some Asian countries. In medieval Europe, turmeric became known as Indian Saffron, since it is widely used as an alternative to far more expensive saffron spice.
Its rhizomes are boiled for several hours and then dried in hot ovens, after which they are ground into a deep orange-yellow powder commonly used as a spice in curries and other South Asian cuisine, for dyeing, and to impart color to mustard condiments. Its active ingredient is curcumin and it has an earthy, bitter, peppery flavor and has a mustardy smell.
Sangli, a town in the southern part of the Indian state of Maharashtra, is the largest and most important trading centre for turmeric in Asia or perhaps in the entire world.[2]